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Naskah Resmi Dokumen (OCR Terverifikasi)
MULTILATERAL CONVENTION TO IMPLEMENT TAX TREATY RELATED MEASURES TO PREVENT BASE EROSION AND PROFIT SHIFTING CONVENTION MULTILATERALE POUR LA MISE EN (SUVRE DES MESURES RELATIVES AUX CONVENTIONS FISCALES POUR PREVENIR L'EROSION DE LA BASE D'IMPOSITION ET LE TRANSFERT DE BENEFICES The Parties to this Convention, Recognising that govemments lose substantial corporate tax revenue because of aggressive international tax planning that has the effect ofartificially shifting profits to locations where they are subject to non-taxation or reduced taxation5 Mindful that base erosion and profit shifting (hereinafier referred to as “BEPS”) is a pressing issue not only for industrialised countvies but also for emerging economies and developing countries, Recognising the importance of ensuring that profits are taxed where substantive economic activities generating the profits are caried out and where value is created: Welcoming the package of measures developed under the OECD/G20 BEPS project (hercinafter referred to us the "OECD/G20 BEPS package”): Noting that ihe OFCD/G20 BEPS package included tax trealy-related measures to address certain hybrid mismateh arrangements, provent treaty abuse, address artificial avoidanee of permanent establishment status, and improve dispute resolution, Conseious of the need to ensure swili, co-ordinated and consistent implementation of the treaty- related BEPS measures in a multilateral context: Noting the nced to ensure that existing agreements for the avoidance of double taxation on income are interpreted to eliminate double taxation with respect to the taxcs covered by those agreements without creating opportunities for non-taxation or reduced taxation through tax evasion or avoidance (including through treaty-shopping arrangements aimed at obtaining reliefs provided in those agreements for the indirect benefit of residents of third jurisdictions): Recognising the need for an effective mechanism to implement agreed changes in a synchronised and fficient manner eross the network of existing agreements for the avoidance of double taxation on income without the nced to bilaterally renegotiate gach such agreement: Have agreed as follows: Les Parties 4 la presente Convention, Reconnaissant gue les gouvememenis subissent d'importantes pertes de recettes au titre de I'imp3t sur les b€ntfices des sociktes lides 4 la mise en place de planifications fiscales agressives ayant pour conseguence de transferer arificiellement des bin€fices vers des destinations ol ils ne sont pas imposts ou sont soumis 4 une imposition reduite : Conscientes gue les problematigues lides 4 V€rosion de Ia base d'imposition et au transfer de b€nfices (ci-apres denomms « BEPS ») revetent un caractere d'urgenee non seulement pour les pays industrialises, mais galement pour les €conomies #mergentes et les pays en developpement : Reconnaissant gu'il est important de s'assurer gue les ben€fices soient imposes IA ob s'exercent reellement les activitts €conomigues gui g6nsrent ces benffices et Id oi la valcur est crete » Se felicitant de Pensemble des mesures €labortes dans le cadre du projet BEPS de FOCDE et du G20 (ci-apres denomme « Pensemble des rapports BEPS de 'OCDE et du G20 ») : Notant gue I'ensemble des rapports BEPS de "OCDE ct du G20 comprend des mesures relatives nux conventions fiscales visant 3 lutter contre certains dispositifs hybrides, A prevenir utilisation abusive des conventions fiscales, & lutter contre les mesures destindes A eviter artificicllement le statut d'€tablissement stable et & ameliorer le reglement des differends : Conscientes de la ntecssit€ d'assurer une mise en ceuvre rapide, coordonnee et coh€rente des mesures BEPS relatives aux conventions fiscales dans un contexte multilateral 3 Notant la necessite de veiller & ce yue les conventions conclues en vue d'6viter Ia double imposition en matisre de revenu soient interpreites dans le but deliminer la double imposition & Pegard des impdts vises par ces conventions, sans pour autant erder de possibilites de non-imposition ou @'imposition reduite via des pratigues d'vasion fiscale ou de fraude fiscale/€vitement fiscal (resultant notamment de Ia mise en place de strategies de chalandage fiscal destinges 4 obtenir des allegements prevus dans ces conventions au ben€fice indirect de residents de juridictions ticrces) 5 Reconnaissant la necessite de crter un m€canisme efficace pour mottre en osuvre les modification adoptees, de fagon synchronisee et efficiente, dans Iensemble du reseau de conventions existantes conelues en vue d'6viter Ia double imposition en matitre de revenu, et ce, sans rendgocier chacune de ces conventions au niveau bilateral : Conviennent de ce gui suit : PARTI. SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION OF TERMS Article 1 — Scope of the Convention This Convention modifies all Covered Tax Agreements as defined in subparagraph a) of paragraph 1 of Article 2 (Interpretation of Terms). Article 2 — Interpretation of Terms 1. For the purpose of this Convention, the following definitions apply: 2) The term “Covered Tax Agreement” means an agreement for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income (whether or not other taxes are also covered): i) thatis in force between two or more: A) Parties, and/or B) jurisdictions or territories which are parties to an agreement described above and for whose intemational relations a Party is responsible, and fi) With respect to which each such Party has made a notification to the Depositary listing the agreoment as well as any amending or aecompanying instruments thereto (identified by title, names of the parties, date ofsignature, and, ifmpplicable at the time of the notification, date of entry into force) as an agreement which it wishes to be covered by this Convention. b) The term “Party” means: i) A State for which this Convention is in force pursuant to Article 34 (Entry into Force): or ii) A jurisdietion which has signed this Convention pursuant to subparagraph h) or e) of" paragraph 1 of Article 27 (Signature and Ratification, Acceptance or Approval) and for which this Convention is in force pursuant to Article 34 (Entry into Force). 6) “The term “Contracting Jurisdietion” means a party to n Covered Tax Agreement, d) The term “Signatory” means a State orjurisdietion which has signed this Convention but for which the Convention is not yet in force. 2. As regards the application of' this Convention at any time by a Party, any term not defined herein shall, unless the context otherwise reguires, have the meaning that it has al that time under the relevant Covered Tax Agreement. PARTIEI. CHAMP D'APPLICATION ET INTERPRETATION DES TERMES Article 1 - Champ d'application de ta Convention La presonte Convention modifie toutes les Conventions fiscales couvertes telles gue difinies 4 Valinta a) du paragraphe1 de Particle 2 (Interpretation des termes). Article 2— Interpretation des termes IL Aux fins de la presente Convention, les definitions suivantes s'appliguent : a) L'expression « Convention fiscale couverte » designe un accord conelu en vue d'eviter In double imposition en matisre d'impGts sur le revenu (gue cet accord porte ou non sur d'autres impots) i) gi esten vigucur entre deux ou plusieurs : A) Parties : evvou B) juridictions ou territoires, ayant conelu un accord susmentionng et dont les relations internationales reltvent de la responsabilit6 Pune Partic 3 et Hi) pour leguel chacune de ces Partics & formule une notification au Depositaire indiguant cet accord ainsi gue tous les instrumenis le modifiant cu I'accompagnant (identifies par leur titre, les noms des parties, la date de signature et, si applicable au moment de Ia notification, Ja date dentree en vigueur) comme un accord gueelle souhaite voir vist par la presente Convention. b) Le terme « Partie » designe : i) un Etat pour leguel Ia presente Convention est en vigucur en vertu de Particle 34 (Entrse en vigucur) : ou fi) une juridiction gui a sign& la presente Convention en vertu des alindas b) oue) du paragraphe | de article 27 (Signature et ratification, aeceptation ou approbation) et pour laguelle la presente Convention est en vigueur en vertu de I'article 34 (Entree en vigucur). @) Wexpression « Juridiction contractante » designe une partie 4 une Convention fiscale couverte. d) Le terme « Signataire » designe un Etat ou une juridiction gui a sign& la presente Convention mais pour leguel la Convention mest pas encore en vigueur. 2. Pour 'application de la presente Convention & un moment donne par une Partie, tout terme ou expression gui n'y est pas d€fini a, saufsi le contexte exige une interpretation difftrente, le sens gue lui attribue 4 ce moment la Convention fiscale couverte concernge. PART II. HYBRID MISMATCHES Article 3 — Transparent Entities IL For the purposes of a Covered Tax Agreement, income derived by or through an entity or arrangement that is treated as wholly or partly fiscally transparent under the tax law Of cither Contracting Jurisdiction shall be considered to be income of a resident ofa Contracting Jurisdiction but only to the extent that the income is treated, for purposes of taxation by that Contracting Jurisdiction, as the income of'a resident of that Contracting Jurisdiction. 2. Provisions ofa Covered Tax Agreement that reguire a Contracting Jurisdiction to exempt from income tax or provide a deduction or credit egual to the income tax paid with respect to income derived by a resident of that Contracting Jurisdiction which may be taxed in the other Contracting Jurisdiction secording to the provisions of the Covered Tax Agreement shall not apply to the extent that such provisions allow taxation by that other Contracting Jurisdiction solely because the income is also income derived by a resident of that other Contracting Jurisdietion. 3. With respeet to Covered Tax Agreements for which one or more Parties has made the reservation deseribed in subparagraph a) of paragraph 3 ofArticle 11 (Application of Tax Agreements to Restriot a Party's Right to Tax its Own Residents), the following sentence will he added at the end of paragraph 1: “In no case shall the provisions of this paragraph be construed to affect a Contracting Jurisdiction's right to tax the residents of that Contraeting Jurisdiction.” 4. Paragraph 1 (as itmay be modified by paragraph 3) shall apply in place of or in the absence of provisions of Covered Tax Agreement to the extent that they address whether income derived by or through entities or arrangements that are treated as fiscally transparent under the tax law of cither Contracting Jurisdiction (whether through a general rule or by identifying in detail the treatment of specific fact patrerns and types ofentities or arrangements) shall be treated as income of'a resident of a Contrecting Jurisdiction. 5. A Party may reserve the right: 2) for the entirety ofthis Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements: b) for paragraph | not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision deseribed in paragraph 4: 6) for paragraph 1 not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision deseribed in paragraph 4 which denies treaty benefits in the case of income derived by or through an entity or arrangement established in a third jurisdictions d) for paragraph 1 not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision deseribed in paragraph 4 which identifies in detail the treatment of specific fact patterns and types of entities or arrangements: e) for paragraph 1 not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision described in paragraph 4 which identifies in detail the treatment of specifie Fuct patterns and types of entities or arrangements and denies treaty benefits in the case of income derived by or through an entity or arrangement established in a third jurisdietion, PARTIE II. DISPOSITIFS HYBRIDES Article 3 — Entites transparentes 1. Au sens d'une Convention fiscale couverte, le revenu pergu par ou via une entit6 ou un dispositif considere comme totalement ou partiellement transparent sur le plan fiscul selon la legislation fiscale de I'une des Juridictions contractantes est considere comme €tant le revenu d'un resident d'une Juridiction contractante, mais unigucment dans la mesure oli ce revenu est traite, aux fins de Iimposition par cctte Juridiction contractante, comme le revenu d'un resident de cette Juridiction contractante, 2. Les dispositions dune Convention fiscale couverte gui imposent 4 une Juridiction contractante d'exempter de Timpat sur le revenu ou dnceorder une deduction ou un credit &gal au montant de Timpat sur le revenu pay6 au titre dun revenu pergu par un r€sident de cette Juridiction contractante gui est imposable dans Tautre Juridiction contractante en vertu des dispositions de Ia Convention fiscale couverte ne s'appliguent pas dans la mesure ob ces dispositions permettent Iimposition par cette autre Juridiction contractante unignement parce gue Ie revenu est @galement un revenu pergu par un resident de cette autre Juridiction contractante.
3. | S'agissant des Conventions fiscales couvertes pour lesguclles une ou plusieurs Parties ont Emis la reserve prevue 4 Palinga a) du paragraphe 3 de article 11 (Application des conventions fiscales pour limiter le droit d'une Partie d'imposer ses propres residents), Ia phrase suivante est ajoutte & la fin du paragraphe 1: «En aucun cas les dispositions du present paragraphe ne doivent &tre interpretees comme affectant le droit d'une Juridiction contractante d'imposer les risidents de cette Juridiction contractante. » 4. Le paragraphe 1 (tel gue susceptible d'ttre modifis par Ie paragraphe 3) s'appligue & la place ou en Yabsence des dispositions dune Convention fiscale couverte gui stipulent gu'un revenu pergu par cu via une entite ou un dispositif considere comme fiscalement transparent selon Ia Iegislation fiscale de Y'une des Juridietions contractantes (par Papplication d'une r2gle gendrale ou de regles detaillant Ie traitement applicable & des situations de faits spdcifigues ou des types d'entitis ou de dispositifs) doit (tre considere comme le revenu d'un resident d'une Juridiction contractante. 5. Une Pantie peut se r&server le droit a) de ne pas appliguer I'integralit8 du present article & ses Conventions fiscales couvertes : b) de ne pas appligucr le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent @eja une disposition dcerite au paragraphe 4 : 6) de ne pas appligucr le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent Aja une disposition decrite au paragraphe4 gui refiuse Foctroi des avantages prevus par Ja convention dans le cas ii un revenu est pergu par ou via une entits ou un dispositif tali dans une juridiction tieree 3 @) de ne pas appliguer le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent deja une disposition decrite au paragraphe 4 gui detaille Ie traitement applicable 4 des situations de faits specifigues ou des types d'entitEs ou de dispositifs « 8) de ne pas appliguer le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent @eja une disposition decrite au paragraphe4 gui detaille le traitement mpplicable 4 des situations de faits specifigues ou des types d'entitEs ou de dispositifs et gui refuse Foctroi des avantages conventionmels dans le cas oi le revenu est pergu par ou via une entit8 ou undispositif etabli dans unejuridiction tierce : D for paragraph 2 not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements, & for paragraph 1 to apply only to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision deseribed in paragraph 4 which identifies in detail the treatment of specific fact patterns and types of entities or arrangements. 6. Hach Party that has not made a reservation deseribed in subparagraph a) or b) of paragraph 5 shall notify the Depositary of whether cach of its Covered Tax Agreements contains a provision described in paragraph 4 that is not subject to a reservation under subparagraphse) through e) of paragraph 5, and ifso, (he article and paragraph number of cach such provision. In the case ofa Party Ihat has made the reservation deseribed in subparagraph 8) of paragraph 5, the notification pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be limited to Covered Tax Agreements that are subject to that reservation. Where all Contracting Jurisdietions have made such a notification with respect toa provision of a Covered Tax Agreement, that provision shall be replaced by the provisions of paragraph 1 (as it may be modified by paragraph 3) to the extent provided in paragraph 4, In other cases, paragraph1 (as it may be modified by paragraph3) shall supersede the provisions of the Covered Tax Agreement only to the extent that those provisions are incompatible with paragraph 1 (as itmay be modified by paragraph 3). “Article 4 — Dual Resident Entities 1. Where by reason of the provisions of a Covered Tax Agreement a person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction, the compelent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdietions shall endeavour to determine by mutual agreement the Contracting Jurisdietion of which such person shall be deemed to be a resident for the purposes Of the Covered Tax Agreement, having regard to its place of effective management, the place where it is incorporated or otherwise constituted and any other relevant factors. In the absence of such agreement, such person shall not be entitled to any relief or exemption from tax provided by the Covered Tax Agreement except to the extent and in such manner as may be agreed upon by the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions. 2. Paragraph 1 shall apply in place of'or in the absence of'provisions of'a Covered Tax Agreement that provide rules for determining whether person other than an individual shall be treated as & resident of one of the Contracting Jurisdictions in cases in which that person would otherwise be treated as a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction. Paragraph | shall not apply, however, to provisions of a Covered Tax Agreement specifically addressing the residence of companies participating in dual-listed company arrangements. 3. A Party may reserve the right: a) forthe entirety ofthis Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements: b) for the entirety ofthis Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already address cases where & person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contraeting Jurisdiction by reguiring the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions to endeavour to reach mutual agreement ona single Contracting Jurisdiction Of residence, 6) for the entirety of this Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already address cases where a person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction by denying treaty benefits without reguiring the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions to endeavour to reach mutual agreement on a single Contracting Jurisdiction ofresidence,
3. | S'agissant des Conventions fiscales couvertes pour lesguclles une ou plusieurs Parties ont Emis la reserve prevue 4 Palinga a) du paragraphe 3 de article 11 (Application des conventions fiscales pour limiter le droit d'une Partie d'imposer ses propres residents), Ia phrase suivante est ajoutte & la fin du paragraphe 1: «En aucun cas les dispositions du present paragraphe ne doivent &tre interpretees comme affectant le droit d'une Juridiction contractante d'imposer les risidents de cette Juridiction contractante. » 4. Le paragraphe 1 (tel gue susceptible d'ttre modifis par Ie paragraphe 3) s'appligue & la place ou en Yabsence des dispositions dune Convention fiscale couverte gui stipulent gu'un revenu pergu par cu via une entite ou un dispositif considere comme fiscalement transparent selon Ia Iegislation fiscale de Y'une des Juridietions contractantes (par Papplication d'une r2gle gendrale ou de regles detaillant Ie traitement applicable & des situations de faits spdcifigues ou des types d'entitis ou de dispositifs) doit (tre considere comme le revenu d'un resident d'une Juridiction contractante. 5. Une Pantie peut se r&server le droit a) de ne pas appliguer I'integralit8 du present article & ses Conventions fiscales couvertes : b) de ne pas appligucr le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent @eja une disposition dcerite au paragraphe 4 : 6) de ne pas appligucr le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent Aja une disposition decrite au paragraphe4 gui refiuse Foctroi des avantages prevus par Ja convention dans le cas ii un revenu est pergu par ou via une entits ou un dispositif tali dans une juridiction tieree 3 @) de ne pas appliguer le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent deja une disposition decrite au paragraphe 4 gui detaille Ie traitement applicable 4 des situations de faits specifigues ou des types d'entitEs ou de dispositifs « 8) de ne pas appliguer le paragraphe 1 4 ses Conventions fiscales couvertes gui contiennent @eja une disposition decrite au paragraphe4 gui detaille le traitement mpplicable 4 des situations de faits specifigues ou des types d'entitEs ou de dispositifs et gui refuse Foctroi des avantages conventionmels dans le cas oi le revenu est pergu par ou via une entit8 ou undispositif etabli dans unejuridiction tierce : D for paragraph 2 not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements, & for paragraph 1 to apply only to its Covered Tax Agreements that already contain a provision deseribed in paragraph 4 which identifies in detail the treatment of specific fact patterns and types of entities or arrangements. 6. Hach Party that has not made a reservation deseribed in subparagraph a) or b) of paragraph 5 shall notify the Depositary of whether cach of its Covered Tax Agreements contains a provision described in paragraph 4 that is not subject to a reservation under subparagraphse) through e) of paragraph 5, and ifso, (he article and paragraph number of cach such provision. In the case ofa Party Ihat has made the reservation deseribed in subparagraph 8) of paragraph 5, the notification pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be limited to Covered Tax Agreements that are subject to that reservation. Where all Contracting Jurisdietions have made such a notification with respect toa provision of a Covered Tax Agreement, that provision shall be replaced by the provisions of paragraph 1 (as it may be modified by paragraph 3) to the extent provided in paragraph 4, In other cases, paragraph1 (as it may be modified by paragraph3) shall supersede the provisions of the Covered Tax Agreement only to the extent that those provisions are incompatible with paragraph 1 (as itmay be modified by paragraph 3). “Article 4 — Dual Resident Entities 1. Where by reason of the provisions of a Covered Tax Agreement a person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction, the compelent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdietions shall endeavour to determine by mutual agreement the Contracting Jurisdietion of which such person shall be deemed to be a resident for the purposes Of the Covered Tax Agreement, having regard to its place of effective management, the place where it is incorporated or otherwise constituted and any other relevant factors. In the absence of such agreement, such person shall not be entitled to any relief or exemption from tax provided by the Covered Tax Agreement except to the extent and in such manner as may be agreed upon by the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions. 2. Paragraph 1 shall apply in place of'or in the absence of'provisions of'a Covered Tax Agreement that provide rules for determining whether person other than an individual shall be treated as & resident of one of the Contracting Jurisdictions in cases in which that person would otherwise be treated as a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction. Paragraph | shall not apply, however, to provisions of a Covered Tax Agreement specifically addressing the residence of companies participating in dual-listed company arrangements. 3. A Party may reserve the right: a) forthe entirety ofthis Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements: b) for the entirety ofthis Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already address cases where & person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contraeting Jurisdiction by reguiring the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions to endeavour to reach mutual agreement ona single Contracting Jurisdiction Of residence, 6) for the entirety of this Article not to apply to its Covered Tax Agreements that already address cases where a person other than an individual is a resident of more than one Contracting Jurisdiction by denying treaty benefits without reguiring the competent authorities of the Contracting Jurisdictions to endeavour to reach mutual agreement on a single Contracting Jurisdiction ofresidence,